Human Health and DiseaseNEET MCQs with solutions
Human Health and Disease is one of NEET's most factual chapters — diseases, their causative organisms, symptoms, immunity types, cancer and drugs/alcohol abuse are all tested. NEET questions are direct and fact-based, so a well-made revision table can lock in multiple marks. Pay special attention to the immune system (innate vs adaptive, humoral vs cell-mediated).
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- 12 Biology
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- 24 questions
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- 784 questions
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- NCERT topics
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Practise 24 questions
Tap an option to check it. Questions from every NCERT topic in this chapter, from easy to hard.
Q1Important PYQ Mixed Concepts
A person receives ready-made antibodies transferred from another source. Which immunity type is this?
Not quite — the answer is A.
Passive immunity results from transfer of ready-made antibodies rather than production by the recipient. It acts rapidly but is temporary because immunological memory is not established. Active immunity requires the person's own immune response and is longer-lasting.
Q2Important PYQ Mixed Concepts
A patient with a severe antibody deficiency would show the greatest reduction in which serum fraction?
Not quite — the answer is D.
Antibodies are immunoglobulins belonging to the globulin fraction of serum proteins. A marked antibody deficiency therefore reflects as reduced serum globulins. Albumin, clotting factors and red blood cells are not antibodies and would not be the primary indicator of antibody deficiency.
Q3Health and Disease Concepts
Which condition best describes the definition of health according to NCERT?
Not quite — the answer is A.
NCERT defines health as a state of complete physical, mental and social well-being — not merely absence of disease or pathogens. Options B, C, D each capture only one partial aspect.
Q4Health and Disease Concepts
Which factor most directly determines personal health status?
Not quite — the answer is B.
NCERT states personal health depends on balanced diet, hygiene, and healthy lifestyle habits. Geography and genetics play secondary roles; medicines treat disease but do not determine baseline health.
Q5Drugs and Alcohol Abuse
Which type of drug slows down brain activity and produces calming or sedating effects on the CNS?
Not quite — the answer is A.
Depressants like alcohol and barbiturates reduce neural activity, producing relaxation or sedation. Stimulants do the opposite — they increase CNS activity. Analgesics relieve pain but do not primarily sedate.
Q6Drugs and Alcohol Abuse
Which drug category increases alertness, heart rate, and neural activity by acting on the CNS?
Not quite — the answer is B.
Stimulants such as cocaine and amphetamines enhance CNS activity, increasing alertness and heart rate. Opioids and narcotics depress CNS function; hallucinogens alter perception without primarily stimulating.
Q7Cancer
Which characteristic most clearly distinguishes cancer cells from normal cells according to NCERT?
Not quite — the answer is A.
Cancer cells lose normal cell cycle regulation, leading to uncontrolled and abnormal division. Options B, C, and D are incorrect — cancer cells retain nuclei and DNA and often show increased, not reduced, metabolic activity.
Q8Cancer
Which term describes a mass of proliferating cells resulting from uncontrolled cell division?
Not quite — the answer is B.
A tumour is a mass of abnormal cells produced by uncontrolled cell proliferation. Mutation is the underlying cause, not the resulting mass; antigens and lymphocytes are immunology terms unrelated to this definition.
Q9Transmission of Infectious Diseases
Which mode of transmission involves spread of pathogens through droplets released during coughing or sneezing?
Not quite — the answer is A.
Respiratory droplets expelled during coughing or sneezing carry pathogens that infect persons in close proximity — this is airborne (droplet) transmission. Vector transmission requires a living carrier organism; foodborne and blood-borne routes are entirely distinct portals of entry.
Q10Transmission of Infectious Diseases
Which disease is transmitted primarily through contaminated food and water?
Not quite — the answer is B.
Typhoid is caused by Salmonella typhi, which enters the body through ingestion of contaminated food or water. Malaria is vector-borne; pneumonia and common cold are transmitted via respiratory droplets.
Q11Protozoan and Helminth Diseases
Which protozoan parasite causes malaria in humans?
Not quite — the answer is A.
Malaria is caused by protozoan parasites of genus Plasmodium, transmitted by the bite of infected female Anopheles mosquito. Entamoeba causes amoebiasis; Wuchereria is a helminth causing filariasis; Trypanosoma causes sleeping sickness (not in NCERT scope here).
Q12Protozoan and Helminth Diseases
Which protozoan parasite causes amoebiasis in humans?
Not quite — the answer is B.
Amoebiasis is caused by Entamoeba histolytica, which infects the large intestine. Plasmodium causes malaria; Leishmania causes kala-azar; Giardia causes giardiasis — all distinct protozoan diseases.
760 more questions on this chapter are waiting in the app
Every one with a detailed explanation, plus flashcards and chapter tests.
Get RankUp on Google PlayQ13Immune System
Which type of immunity is present from birth and provides immediate non-specific defense against pathogens?
Not quite — the answer is A.
Innate immunity is present from birth and acts as rapid, non-specific defense via physical barriers and phagocytic cells. It does not require prior antigen exposure. Acquired immunity, by contrast, develops only after antigen encounter.
Q14Immune System
Which cells differentiate into plasma cells and produce antibodies during an acquired immune response?
Not quite — the answer is A.
B lymphocytes, on antigen stimulation, differentiate into plasma cells that secrete specific antibodies. T lymphocytes mediate cell-mediated immunity and do not produce antibodies. Macrophages and neutrophils are innate immune cells.
Q15Types of Human Diseases
Which feature best distinguishes infectious diseases from non-infectious diseases in humans?
Not quite — the answer is A.
Infectious diseases are caused by pathogens capable of transmission from infected to healthy individuals; non-infectious diseases arise from internal physiological, genetic, or environmental causes and are not transmitted. Option B describes genetic diseases, not infectious ones.
Q16Types of Human Diseases
Which category includes diseases that arise due to defects in genes or chromosomes?
Not quite — the answer is B.
Genetic diseases arise from inherited defects in genes or chromosomes that disrupt normal body function. Communicable diseases involve pathogen transmission; vector-borne diseases require an arthropod carrier; degenerative diseases involve progressive tissue breakdown.
Q17Grand Test
A patient has an immediate hypersensitivity reaction after exposure to a normally harmless allergen. Which mechanism is most directly involved?
Not quite — the answer is D.
Allergy is an exaggerated immune response to normally harmless substances. NCERT associates allergic reactions with release of chemicals such as histamine and serotonin from mast cells. Tumour formation, HIV-mediated destruction and red blood cell production are unrelated to immediate hypersensitivity.
Q18Grand Test
A child receives IgA through colostrum immediately after birth. Which statement best describes this protection?
Not quite — the answer is B.
Colostrum contains IgA antibodies that provide ready-made protection to the newborn. Because the antibodies are supplied by another individual without the infant generating them, this is passive immunity. The infant does not mount a primary immune response to produce these antibodies.
Q19Mixed Revision
A child receives antibodies from the mother through colostrum. Which immunological feature is most directly responsible for the immediate protection?
Not quite — the answer is B.
Colostrum contains IgA antibodies already produced by the mother. Their direct transfer provides the infant with passive immunity and immediate protection without requiring the infant to generate these antibodies independently.
Q20Mixed Revision
Which immune-cell pairing is correctly matched with its primary function?
Not quite — the answer is A.
B-lymphocytes give rise to plasma cells that secrete antibodies and form the basis of humoral immunity. T-lymphocytes mediate cell-mediated immunity. Erythrocytes do not produce antibodies and neutrophils do not generate immunological memory.
Q21Bacterial and Viral Diseases
Which bacterial disease mentioned in NCERT is transmitted mainly through contaminated food and water?
Not quite — the answer is A.
Typhoid, caused by Salmonella typhi, spreads through ingestion of food and water contaminated with the bacterium. Malaria spreads via Anopheles mosquito, not food/water. Influenza and Leishmaniasis have entirely different transmission routes.
Q22Bacterial and Viral Diseases
Which viral disease spreads primarily through droplets released during coughing and sneezing?
Not quite — the answer is B.
Common cold, caused by rhinoviruses, spreads via respiratory droplets. Tuberculosis is bacterial; Cholera and Amoebiasis are transmitted through contaminated food/water, not droplets.
Q23AIDS HIV Infection
Which virus is responsible for causing Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome in humans?
Not quite — the answer is A.
AIDS is caused by HIV (Human Immunodeficiency Virus), a retrovirus that attacks the immune system. Hepatitis B causes liver disease. Influenza and Dengue viruses do not cause immunodeficiency syndrome.
Q24AIDS HIV Infection
Which immune cells are primarily targeted and destroyed by HIV?
Not quite — the answer is B.
HIV selectively infects and destroys CD4+ helper T lymphocytes, progressively crippling immune coordination. B lymphocytes, neutrophils, and NK cells are not the primary targets — though macrophages are also infected, CD4+ T cells are the key target.
ELITE question · AIR under 50 level
This chapter has 422 ELITE questions for students aiming at the very top. They are only in the app.
Unlock ELITE questions in the appKey Diseases & Immunity
Quick revision: most questions in this chapter test these facts.
| Disease / Concept | Key Fact |
|---|---|
| Typhoid | Salmonella typhi; intestinal perforation; Widal test for diagnosis |
| Malaria | Plasmodium (vivax/falciparum); female Anopheles mosquito; attacks RBCs |
| AIDS | HIV (retrovirus); attacks helper T-cells (CD4+); ELISA for screening |
| Cancer | Oncogenes (growth), tumour suppressor genes; benign vs malignant |
| Innate immunity | Non-specific: skin, mucus, phagocytes, NK cells, complement |
| Adaptive immunity | Specific: humoral (B-cells → antibodies) + cell-mediated (T-cells) |
What the app covers in this chapter
784 questions in total, each with a detailed explanation.
| Important PYQ Mixed Concepts | 100 |
| Health and Disease Concepts | 99 |
| Drugs and Alcohol Abuse | 80 |
| Cancer | 75 |
| Transmission of Infectious Diseases | 60 |
| Protozoan and Helminth Diseases | 60 |
| Immune System | 60 |
| Types of Human Diseases | 59 |
| Grand Test | 59 |
| Mixed Revision | 53 |
| Bacterial and Viral Diseases | 40 |
| AIDS HIV Infection | 39 |
Questions students ask
Is Human Health and Disease important for NEET?
Very important — it is highly factual and questions are straightforward. Diseases with their causative organisms, immunity types, cancer biology and drug abuse are tested every year.
Which topics should I revise first?
Focus on diseases with their causative organisms and vectors, innate vs adaptive immunity, humoral vs cell-mediated immunity, cancer (oncogenes, tumour suppressors) and AIDS (HIV lifecycle, diagnosis).
How many questions from this chapter are on RankUp?
The RankUp app has 784 questions on Human Health and Disease, including 422 ELITE questions written for students aiming at AIR under 50. Every question has a detailed explanation.
