Human ReproductionNEET MCQs with solutions

Not quite — the answer is D.

Menarche is the first menstruation and marks the beginning of the reproductive phase. Menopause is the permanent cessation of menstruation, while ovulation is the release of the secondary oocyte. Diapause is a developmental pause seen in some animals, not applicable here.

Not quite — the answer is C.

Sertoli cells are nurse cells located within the seminiferous tubules and directly nourish and support developing germ cells. Leydig cells are interstitial cells that secrete testosterone. Epididymal cells are involved in sperm maturation after they leave the testis. Prostate gland contributes secretions to seminal plasma and does not nourish germ cells.

Not quite — the answer is B.

Ovulation precedes fertilisation, which is followed by cleavage and blastocyst formation before implantation occurs. Parturition occurs much later at the end of gestation. The question tests chronological integration of the entire reproductive sequence rather than isolated fact recall.

Not quite — the answer is C.

Prolactin is primarily responsible for milk production by mammary alveolar cells, while oxytocin causes contraction of myoepithelial cells and milk ejection. Confusing milk production with milk ejection is a classic hormonal-function trap that recurs across NEET batches.

Not quite — the answer is B.

FSH supports follicular development. The growing follicle produces oestrogen; sustained high oestrogen contributes to positive feedback and the LH surge, which directly triggers ovulation. hCG is not involved before implantation, and oxytocin does not drive ovulation.

Not quite — the answer is A.

Leydig cells secrete testosterone, while Sertoli cells nourish and support developing germ cells within seminiferous tubules. Spermatogenesis occurs in seminiferous tubules, and the epididymis is associated with sperm maturation and storage. All other options contain reversed or incorrect pairings.

Not quite — the answer is A.

Testis produces spermatozoa in seminiferous tubules (exocrine function) and secretes testosterone via Leydig cells (endocrine function). Epididymis only stores and matures sperms; it has no endocrine role.

Not quite — the answer is A.

Germinal (seminiferous) epithelium consists of spermatogenic cells and Sertoli cells — it is specialised for spermatogenesis. Simple cuboidal is the trap; it lines tubular structures like kidney tubules but not seminiferous tubules.

Not quite — the answer is A.

Ovaries are the primary female sex organs performing dual functions: producing ova (exocrine) and secreting estrogen and progesterone (endocrine). The oviduct transports ova but produces no steroid hormones.

Not quite — the answer is B.

NCERT states that ovaries are located one on each side of the lower abdomen, held by ligaments. The posterior abdominal wall position is the trap — that describes kidneys.

Not quite — the answer is A.

The average menstrual cycle spans 28 days in healthy adult females as stated in NCERT. Cycles shorter than 21 or longer than 35 days are considered irregular.

Not quite — the answer is B.

Menstrual phase involves breakdown and shedding of the functional layer (stratum functionalis) of endometrium due to declining progesterone. Corpus luteum formation occurs post-ovulation, not during menstruation.

Not quite — the answer is A.

NCERT states fertilisation normally occurs at the ampullary-isthmic junction of the fallopian tube. Infundibulum is the funnel-shaped opening that collects the ovum but is not the fertilisation site.

Not quite — the answer is A.

Acrosomal enzymes (hyaluronidase, acrosin) digest the zona pellucida, enabling sperm to penetrate and fuse with the oocyte membrane. Corona radiata is dispersed before zona pellucida penetration.

Not quite — the answer is A.

NCERT states gestation is approximately 9 months or 280 days. 270 days is a common wrong recall — the correct figure is 280. 365 days (one full year) and 300 days both exceed the normal range.

Not quite — the answer is B.

Amnion is the innermost foetal membrane enclosing the embryo within the amniotic cavity filled with amniotic fluid. Chorion is the outermost membrane — a common confusion — but it does not directly surround the embryo.

Not quite — the answer is A.

NCERT states that signals from the fully developed foetus and placenta induce mild uterine contractions called the foetal ejection reflex, which then triggers oxytocin release causing stronger contractions. hCG, FSH and prolactin play no role in initiating parturition.

Not quite — the answer is B.

Oxytocin released from the posterior pituitary stimulates strong uterine contractions during labour. Prolactin acts on mammary glands for milk synthesis and has no role in uterine contractions — a common confusion in NEET questions.

Not quite — the answer is C.

Vas deferens carries sperms from epididymis and joins the duct of seminal vesicle to form the ejaculatory duct, which opens into the urethra. Vasa efferentia carry sperms from rete testis to epididymis, not beyond.

Not quite — the answer is B.

Leydig cells occupy the interstitial spaces between seminiferous tubules and synthesise testosterone under LH stimulation — both their location and function define them as interstitial cells. Option C describes Sertoli cells; Option D describes Sertoli cell response to FSH.

Not quite — the answer is B.

Cauda (tail) epididymis stores sperms temporarily before ejaculation. Caput (head) epididymis is where sperms first arrive from vasa efferentia and begin maturation — a common trap answer.

Not quite — the answer is D.

Seminal vesicles secrete fructose-rich alkaline fluid (major volume of semen). Prostate secretes milky, slightly acidic fluid. Bulbourethral glands secrete alkaline lubricating mucus — not acidic.

Not quite — the answer is D.

Primary spermatocytes undergo meiosis I (reductional division) to form two secondary spermatocytes. Meiosis II (equational division) is performed by secondary spermatocytes — swapping these two is the classic NEET trap.

Not quite — the answer is B.

The Golgi apparatus gives rise to the acrosome, which contains hydrolytic enzymes needed for fertilisation. Centrioles form the axoneme of the flagellum; mitochondria form the middle piece sheath — both are common distractors.