Human Health and Disease NEET PYQReal NEET & AIPMT 2005–2021 questions, year-tagged, with solutions
By the RankUp team, founded by Dr. Deepak Sahu (MBBS Gold Medalist, NEET PG AIR 1731) · Updated
Every Human Health and Disease question from the NEET & AIPMT papers on this site (2005–2021), newest first. Each is tagged with its paper. Tap an option to check your answer and read the explanation.
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Human Health and Disease previous year questions
62 questions. Tap an option to check your answer.
Q1NEET 2021
Match List - I with List - II. List - I | List - II (a) Filariasis | (i) Haemophilus influenzae (b) Amoebiasis | (ii) Trichophyton (c) Pneumonia | (iii) Wuchereria bancrofti (d) Ringworm | (iv) Entamoeba histolytica Choose the correct answer from the options given below.
Not quite — the answer is B.
Filariasis is caused by Wuchereria bancrofti, amoebiasis by Entamoeba histolytica, pneumonia by Haemophilus influenzae (and Streptococcus pneumoniae), and ringworm by Trichophyton. Hence (a)-(iii), (b)-(iv), (c)-(i), (d)-(ii).
Q2NEET 2020 · Q4
Match the following diseases with the causative organism and select the correct option. Column - I | Column - II (a) Typhoid | (i) Wuchereria (b) Pneumonia | (ii) Plasmodium (c) Filariasis | (iii) Salmonella (d) Malaria | (iv) Haemophilus
Not quite — the answer is B.
Typhoid is caused by Salmonella typhi, pneumonia by Haemophilus influenzae (and Streptococcus pneumoniae), filariasis by Wuchereria and malaria by Plasmodium. Only the option pairing these as Salmonella, Haemophilus, Wuchereria, Plasmodium is correct.
Q3NEET 2020 · Q10
The infectious stage of Plasmodium that enters the human body is:
Not quite — the answer is B.
The female Anopheles mosquito injects sporozoites into human blood when it bites, and these first multiply in liver cells. Trophozoites are stages inside red blood cells, and gametocytes form in human blood and are taken up by the mosquito.
Q4NEET 2020 · Q45
Identify the wrong statement with reference to immunity.
Not quite — the answer is C.
Active immunity is slow and takes time to give its full response, because the body must make its own antibodies after meeting the antigen. Passive immunity, from ready-made antibodies such as those passing from mother to foetus, is the quick one.
Q5NEET 2019 · Q92
Colostrum, the yellowish fluid, secreted by mother during the initial days of lactation is very essential to impart immunity to the newborn infants because it contains :
Not quite — the answer is D.
Colostrum is rich in IgA antibodies, which give the newborn passive immunity. Cells like NK cells, monocytes and macrophages are not the protective component that colostrum is valued for.
Q6NEET 2019 · Q149
Drug called 'Heroin' is synthesized by :
Not quite — the answer is B.
Heroin (smack) is diacetylmorphine, obtained by acetylation of morphine extracted from the poppy plant. Glycosylation adds sugar groups and does not produce heroin.
Q7NEET 2019 · Q162
Which of the following immune responses is responsible for rejection of kidney graft ?
Not quite — the answer is D.
Graft rejection is due to cell-mediated immunity, in which T-lymphocytes recognise the graft as non-self. Humoral immunity works through antibodies and is not the main cause of graft rejection.
Q8NEET 2019 · Q175
Identify the correct pair representing the causative agent of typhoid fever and the confirmatory test for typhoid.
Not quite — the answer is D.
Typhoid is caused by Salmonella typhi and confirmed by the Widal test. The anthrone test detects carbohydrates, and Streptococcus pneumoniae causes pneumonia.
Q9NEET 2018 · Q157
Which part of poppy plant is used to obtain the drug "Smack"?
Not quite — the answer is B.
Smack (heroin, diacetylmorphine) is made by acetylation of morphine, which is extracted from the latex of the unripe capsules of the poppy Papaver somniferum. Roots, flowers and leaves are not the source.
Q10NEET 2018 · Q175
In which disease does mosquito transmitted pathogen cause chronic inflammation of lymphatic vessels?
Not quite — the answer is C.
Filariasis (elephantiasis) is caused by Wuchereria bancrofti, transmitted by the bite of female Culex mosquitoes; the worms live in lymphatic vessels and cause chronic inflammation and swelling of the limbs and genital organs. Ringworm is a fungal skin infection, and ascariasis and amoebiasis spread through contaminated food and water.
Q11NEET 2018 · Q176
Which of the following is not an autoimmune disease?
Not quite — the answer is A.
Alzheimer's disease is a neurodegenerative disorder linked to loss of cholinergic neurons and amyloid plaques, not an attack by the immune system on self tissue. Rheumatoid arthritis, psoriasis and vitiligo are autoimmune disorders.
Q12NEET 2017 · Q73
Transplantation of tissues/organs fails often due to non-acceptance by the patient's body. Which type of immune-response is responsible for such rejections?
Not quite — the answer is B.
Graft rejection is caused by cell-mediated immunity, in which T-lymphocytes recognise the graft as non-self and attack it. An autoimmune response is directed against the body's own cells, not against a transplanted organ.
Q13NEET 2017 · Q135
MALT constitutes about _____ percent of the lymphoid tissue in human body.
Not quite — the answer is A.
NCERT states that mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT), lining the respiratory, digestive and urogenital tracts, makes up about 50 percent of the lymphoid tissue in the human body. The other percentages do not match this figure.
Q14NEET 2017 (Gujarati paper) · Q85
Which of the following statements is correct?
Not quite — the answer is A.
Acquired immunity is specific to the pathogen encountered and shows memory. An exaggerated response to environmental antigens is allergy, the spleen (not bone marrow) filters blood-borne microbes, and AIDS is caused by HIV, a retrovirus.
Q15NEET 2017 (Gujarati paper) · Q114
Match Column - I with Column - II and select the correct option. Column - I: (a) Plasmodium (b) Wuchereria (c) Entamoeba (d) Microsporum Column - II: (i) Ringworm (ii) Amoebiasis (iii) Elephantiasis (iv) Malaria
Not quite — the answer is D.
Plasmodium causes malaria, Wuchereria (a filarial worm) causes elephantiasis, Entamoeba histolytica causes amoebiasis and the fungus Microsporum causes ringworm. Pairing Wuchereria with ringworm swaps a helminth with a fungal disease.
Q16NEET 2016 Phase 2 · Q136
Which of the following sets of diseases is caused by bacteria?
Not quite — the answer is A.
Cholera is caused by Vibrio cholerae and tetanus by Clostridium tetani, so both are bacterial. Smallpox, mumps, herpes and influenza are viral, so each other pair has at least one viral disease.
Q17NEET 2016 Phase 1 · Q125
In higher vertebrates, the immune system can distinguish self-cells and non-self. If this property is lost due to genetic abnormality and it attacks self-cells, then it leads to:
Not quite — the answer is C.
When the immune system fails to recognise self and destroys the body's own cells, the result is an autoimmune disease such as rheumatoid arthritis. Allergy is an exaggerated response to harmless foreign antigens, and graft rejection is a response to non-self tissue.
Q18NEET 2016 Phase 1 · Q135
Antivenom injection contains preformed antibodies while polio drops that are administered into the body contain:
Not quite — the answer is D.
Oral polio vaccine contains live attenuated (weakened) poliovirus that induces active immunity. Antivenom and gamma globulin provide passive immunity through ready-made antibodies.
Q19NEET 2016 Phase 1 · Q146
Which of the following statements is not true for cancer cells in relation to mutations?
Not quite — the answer is D.
Cancer cells typically reactivate telomerase so their telomeres are maintained and they divide indefinitely; mutations do not inhibit telomerase production. Activated proto-oncogenes, loss of telomerase inhibition and loss of cell-cycle control all favour cancer.
Q20AIPMT 2015
Match each disease with its correct type of vaccine: (a) tuberculosis (b) Whooping cough (c) diphtheria (d) polio — (i) harmless virus (ii) inactivated toxin (iii) killed bacteria (iv) harmless bacteria
Not quite — the answer is D.
BCG for tuberculosis uses harmless (attenuated) bacteria, the whooping cough vaccine uses killed bacteria, the diphtheria vaccine is a toxoid (inactivated toxin) and oral polio vaccine uses harmless (attenuated) virus. The other matchings pair diphtheria or polio with bacteria, which is wrong.
Q21AIPMT 2015
HIV that causes AIDS, first starts destroying:
Not quite — the answer is D.
After entering the body, HIV multiplies in macrophages and then enters and destroys helper T-lymphocytes (CD4 cells), whose number falls steadily. B-lymphocytes and platelets are not its primary targets.
Q22AIPMT 2015
The active form of Entamoeba histolytica feeds upon:
Not quite — the answer is B.
The trophozoite of Entamoeba histolytica invades the mucosa and submucosa of the colon, causing ulcers, and also ingests red blood cells. Feeding on blood alone or on gut food alone is incomplete.
Q23AIPMT 2014
At which stage of HIV infection does one usually show symptoms of AIDS?
Not quite — the answer is B.
After infection HIV multiplies in helper T-lymphocytes; symptoms of AIDS appear only when a large number of helper T-cells have been destroyed and immunity breaks down, often years later. Entry of the virus, formation of viral DNA by reverse transcriptase or a period of 15 days after contact do not by themselves produce AIDS symptoms.
Q24NEET 2013
Infection of Ascaris usually occurs by
Not quite — the answer is A.
Ascaris eggs passed in faeces contaminate soil, water and vegetables, and infection occurs by swallowing these eggs with water or food. Undercooked pork transmits Taenia, and mosquitoes and tsetse flies transmit other parasites.
Q25NEET 2013
The cell-mediated immunity inside the human body is carried out by
Not quite — the answer is A.
Cell-mediated immunity is carried out by T-lymphocytes, which act directly on infected cells and grafts. B-lymphocytes produce antibodies, giving humoral immunity.
Q26AIPMT 2012 Mains
Read the following four statements (A–D): (A) Colostrum is recommended for the new born because it is rich in antigens. (B) Chikungunya is caused by a Gram negative bacterium. (C) Tissue culture has proved useful in obtaining virus-free plants. (D) Beer is manufactured by distillation of fermented grape juice. How many of the above statements are wrong?
Not quite — the answer is B.
Three are wrong. Colostrum is valuable because it is rich in antibodies (IgA), not antigens; chikungunya is caused by a virus; and beer is brewed from malted barley without distillation. Only the statement about tissue (meristem) culture giving virus-free plants is right.
Q27AIPMT 2012 Mains
Which one of the following statements is correct with respect to immunity ?
Not quite — the answer is A.
Snake antivenom supplies preformed antibodies (passive immunisation), which is needed for a quick response to viper venom. Antibodies are made by B-lymphocytes and have two light and two heavy chains, and graft rejection is mediated by T-lymphocytes.
Q28AIPMT 2012 Prelims
Common cold differs from pneumonia in that
Not quite — the answer is A.
Pneumonia, caused by bacteria such as Streptococcus pneumoniae, infects the alveoli of the lungs, whereas the common cold (rhinovirus) affects the nose and respiratory passages but not the lungs. The common cold is an infectious viral disease, not a nutritional deficiency, and it is not caused by Haemophilus.
Q29AIPMT 2012 Prelims
Which one of the following is not a property of cancerous cells whereas the remaining three are?
Not quite — the answer is A.
Cancer cells have lost contact inhibition, so they keep dividing even when touching neighbouring cells. Uncontrolled division, spreading from the site of origin (metastasis) and competing with normal cells for nutrients are all true of cancer cells.
Q30AIPMT 2012 Prelims
In which one of the following options the two examples are correctly matched with their particular type of immunity?
Not quite — the answer is B.
Polymorphonuclear leukocytes (neutrophils) and monocytes are cellular barriers of innate immunity. Mucus coating is a physical barrier, HCl, saliva and tears are physiological barriers, and anti-tetanus and anti-snake venom injections give passive, not active, immunity.
Q31AIPMT 2012 Prelims
Widal test is carried out to test
Not quite — the answer is A.
The Widal test detects antibodies against Salmonella typhi and confirms typhoid fever. Malaria is diagnosed from blood smears, diabetes by blood sugar, and HIV by ELISA.
Q32AIPMT 2012 Prelims
Motile zygote of Plasmodium occurs in
Not quite — the answer is B.
Gametes of Plasmodium fuse in the gut of the female Anopheles mosquito to form a motile zygote (ookinete), which then forms an oocyst on the gut wall. Sporozoites are found in the salivary glands, while the liver and RBCs host the asexual stages in humans.
Q33AIPMT 2012 Prelims
Cirrhosis of liver is caused by the chronic intake of
Not quite — the answer is C.
Chronic heavy intake of alcohol damages liver cells and leads to cirrhosis. Cocaine, opium and chewing tobacco cause other harmful effects but are not the classic cause of cirrhosis.
Q34AIPMT 2011 Mains
Select the correct statement with respect to diseases and immunisation
Not quite — the answer is C.
B-lymphocytes produce antibodies and need helper T-cells to do so, so damage to both lymphocyte types stops antibody production against a pathogen. Hepatitis B vaccine is produced in yeast, not protozoans; snake antivenom supplies ready-made antibodies (passive immunity); and dead or inactivated pathogens stimulate the body's own response (active immunity).
Q35AIPMT 2011 Mains
Common cold is not cured by antibiotics because it is
Not quite — the answer is C.
Common cold is caused by rhinoviruses, and antibiotics act on bacterial structures and processes, so they have no effect on viruses. It is an infectious disease spread by droplets or contact, not a bacterial one.
Q36AIPMT 2011 Mains
Which one of the following options gives the correct matching of a disease with its causative organism and mode of infection?
Not quite — the answer is D.
Pneumonia is caused by Streptococcus pneumoniae (and Haemophilus influenzae) and spreads by droplet infection. Elephantiasis spreads through the bite of the female Culex mosquito, malaria through female (not male) Anopheles, and typhoid through contaminated food and water, not inspired air.
Q37AIPMT 2011 Prelims
Which of the following acts as a physiological barrier to the entry of microorganisms in human body?
Not quite — the answer is C.
Physiological barriers to infection include acid in the stomach, saliva in the mouth and tears from the eyes, which prevent microbial growth. Skin and the mucus-coated epithelium of the urogenital tract are physical barriers, and monocytes are cellular barriers.
Q38AIPMT 2011 Prelims
Where will you look for the sporozoites of the malarial parasite?
Not quite — the answer is B.
Sporozoites, the infective stage of Plasmodium, are stored in the salivary glands of an infected female Anopheles and enter humans with her saliva when she bites. A freshly moulted mosquito has not yet fed on an infected person, and human RBCs contain merozoites and trophozoites.
Q39AIPMT 2011 Prelims
A certain patient is suspected to be suffering from Acquired Immuno Deficiency Syndrome. Which diagnostic technique will you recommend for its detection?
Not quite — the answer is B.
ELISA (enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay) detects antibodies against HIV and is the widely used diagnostic test for AIDS. WIDAL is a test for typhoid, and MRI and ultrasound are imaging techniques.
Q40AIPMT 2011 Prelims
At which stage of HIV infection does one usually show symptoms of AIDS?
Not quite — the answer is D.
After infection, HIV multiplies in macrophages and later in helper T-lymphocytes; AIDS symptoms appear when the virus replicates rapidly and destroys large numbers of these cells, crippling immunity. This usually takes years, not days after contact.
Q41AIPMT 2010 Mains · Q21
Which one of the following techniques is safest for the detection of cancers?
Not quite — the answer is A.
MRI uses strong magnetic fields and non-ionising radiation, so it does not damage DNA the way X-rays do. Radiography and CT both use ionising X-rays, which can themselves cause mutations. Histopathology is accurate but needs a biopsy, which is an invasive procedure.
Q42AIPMT 2010 Mains · Q41
A person suffering from a disease caused by Plasmodium, experiences recurring chill and fever at the time when?
Not quite — the answer is C.
Plasmodium multiplies asexually inside RBCs and then bursts them, releasing new merozoites to infect fresh RBCs along with the toxin haemozoin. This bursting happens in cycles (every 48 hours in vivax), which is when the chill and high fever recur. Sporozoites enter through the mosquito bite and go to the liver, not RBCs.
Q43AIPMT 2010 Prelims · Q180
Widal test is used for the diagnosis of
Not quite — the answer is A.
The Widal test detects antibodies against Salmonella typhi and is used to confirm typhoid fever. Malaria is diagnosed by examining blood smears for Plasmodium.
Q44AIPMT 2010 Prelims · Q181
Ringworm in humans is caused by
Not quite — the answer is C.
Ringworm is a skin infection caused by fungi such as Microsporum, Trichophyton and Epidermophyton. Despite the name, no worm (nematode) is involved.
Q45AIPMT 2010 Prelims · Q185
Consider the following four statements (a–d) regarding kidney transplant and select the two correct ones out of these. a. Even if a kidney transplant is proper the recipient may need to take immunosuppressants for a long time b. The cell-mediated immune response is responsible for the graft rejection c. The B-lymphocytes are responsible for rejection of the graft d. The acceptance or rejection of a kidney transplant depends on specific interferons The two correct statements are
Not quite — the answer is A.
NCERT states that graft rejection is due to the cell-mediated (T-lymphocyte) immune response, and that even after tissue and blood-group matching the patient has to take immunosuppressants for life. B-lymphocytes give humoral immunity, and graft acceptance depends on matching tissue antigens (HLA), not interferons.
Q46AIPMT 2010 Prelims · Q186
Which one of the following statements is correct with respect to AIDS?
Not quite — the answer is A.
HIV infects helper T-cells (T_H) and multiplies in them, so their number steadily falls and immunity weakens. HIV does not spread through shared food, drug addicts who share needles are at high risk, and antiretroviral therapy only prolongs life without curing AIDS.
Q47AIPMT 2010 Prelims · Q187
Select the correct statement from the ones given below
Not quite — the answer is C.
Morphine is an opioid that works as a strong sedative and painkiller, and it is used for patients who have undergone surgery. Tobacco contains nicotine, which raises blood pressure and heart rate rather than lowering them. Cocaine is not used to aid recovery.
Q48AIPMT 2009 Prelims · Q72
A person likely to develop tetanus is immunised by administering:
Not quite — the answer is A.
When a quick immune response is needed, as in a person at risk of tetanus after an injury, NCERT says preformed antibodies or antitoxin are injected directly; this is passive immunisation. Weakened or dead germs give active immunity, which takes too long to protect someone already exposed.
Q49AIPMT 2009 Prelims · Q92
The letter T in T-lymphocyte refers to:
Not quite — the answer is C.
T-lymphocytes arise in the bone marrow but mature and become immunocompetent in the thymus, hence the letter T. Tonsils and thyroid are not sites of T-cell maturation.
Q50AIPMT 2009 Prelims · Q101
Which of the following is a pair of viral diseases?
Not quite — the answer is A.
Common cold is caused by rhinoviruses and AIDS by HIV, so both are viral. Typhoid and tuberculosis are bacterial, dysentery is bacterial or protozoan, and ringworm is fungal.
Q51AIPMT 2009 Prelims · Q125
Which one of the following statements is correct?
Not quite — the answer is C.
Malignant tumours shed cells that travel through blood to form secondary tumours elsewhere; this is metastasis. Benign tumours stay confined to their site, and heroin is a depressant that slows body functions.
Q52AIPMT 2009 Prelims · Q127
Use of anti-histamines and steroids give a quick relief from:
Not quite — the answer is D.
In allergy, mast cells release histamine and serotonin, so antihistamines, adrenalin and steroids quickly reduce the symptoms. They are not the standard treatment for nausea or headache.
Q53AIPMT 2008 Prelims · Q186
To which type of barriers under innate immunity, do the saliva in the mouth and the tears from the eyes, belong?
Not quite — the answer is D.
NCERT classes acid in the stomach, saliva in the mouth and tears from the eyes as physiological barriers that stop microbial growth. Physical barriers are the skin and the mucus lining of the tracts.
Q54AIPMT 2008 Prelims · Q187
Match the disease in Column I with the appropriate items (pathogen/prevention/treatment) in Column II Column I: (a) Amoebiasis (b) Diphtheria (c) Cholera (d) Syphilis Column II: (i) Treponema pallidum (ii) Use only sterilized food and water (iii) DPT Vaccine (iv) Use oral rehydration therapy
Not quite — the answer is A.
Amoebiasis spreads through contaminated food and water, so sterilised food and water prevent it; diphtheria is prevented by the DPT vaccine; cholera dehydration is treated with oral rehydration; and syphilis is caused by Treponema pallidum. Treponema is a bacterium, not the cause of amoebiasis.
Q55AIPMT 2008 Prelims · Q198
Cornea transplant in humans is almost never rejected. This is because
Not quite — the answer is C.
The cornea is avascular, so immune cells and antibodies carried in the blood rarely reach the graft and rejection seldom occurs. The cornea is living tissue with nucleated cells, so the 'non-living' and 'enucleated' options are false.
Q56AIPMT 2007 Prelims · Q163
Increased asthmatic attacks in certain seasons are related to
Not quite — the answer is B.
Seasonal asthma is an allergic reaction: pollen released in particular flowering seasons acts as an allergen, triggering IgE-mediated release of histamine and bronchial constriction. Temperature alone does not explain the seasonal pattern.
Q57AIPMT 2007 Prelims · Q183
Lysozyme that is present in perspiration, saliva and tears, destroys
Not quite — the answer is A.
Lysozyme is an enzyme that breaks the peptidoglycan of bacterial cell walls, so it kills certain (mainly Gram-positive) bacteria as part of innate immunity. Viruses and fungi have no peptidoglycan, and virus-infected cells are killed by interferons and cytotoxic cells.
Q58AIPMT 2006 Prelims · Q178
Antibodies in our body are complex :
Not quite — the answer is D.
Antibodies (immunoglobulins) are glycoproteins made of two heavy and two light polypeptide chains with carbohydrate attached. They are not lipoproteins, steroids or prostaglandins.
Q59AIPMT 2006 Prelims · Q195
HIV that causes AIDS, first starts destroying :
Not quite — the answer is D.
HIV enters and multiplies inside helper T-lymphocytes, which it gradually destroys, so their number falls. B-lymphocytes are not the first target.
Q60AIPMT 2005 Prelims · Q117
Damage to thymus in a child may lead to :
Not quite — the answer is D.
T lymphocytes mature in the thymus, and T cells drive cell-mediated immunity. Damage to the thymus in childhood therefore causes loss of cell-mediated immunity. Antibody-mediated immunity relies mainly on B cells, which mature in the bone marrow.
Q61AIPMT 2005 Prelims · Q190
AIDS is caused by HIV that principally infects :
Not quite — the answer is C.
HIV attaches to the CD4 receptor, so it mainly infects helper T (T4) lymphocytes (and macrophages). The steady fall in these cells causes immunodeficiency. Cytotoxic T cells are CD8 and are not the main target.
Q62AIPMT 2005 Prelims · Q200
Which one of the following depresses brain activity and produces feelings of calmness, relaxation and drowsiness.
Not quite — the answer is A.
Valium (diazepam), a benzodiazepine tranquilliser, depresses the central nervous system and brings calm, relaxation and drowsiness. Amphetamines are stimulants, hashish is a cannabinoid that alters perception, and morphine is an opioid painkiller.
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- NEET 2018: 3
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- NEET 2017 (Gujarati paper): 2
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- AIPMT 2014: 1
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- AIPMT 2008 Prelims: 3
- AIPMT 2007 Prelims: 2
- AIPMT 2006 Prelims: 2
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