Human Reproduction NEET PYQReal NEET & AIPMT 2006–2021 questions, year-tagged, with solutions
By the RankUp team, founded by Dr. Deepak Sahu (MBBS Gold Medalist, NEET PG AIR 1731) · Updated
Every Human Reproduction question from the NEET & AIPMT papers on this site (2006–2021), newest first. Each is tagged with its paper. Tap an option to check your answer and read the explanation.
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Human Reproduction previous year questions
57 questions. Tap an option to check your answer.
Q1NEET 2021
Receptors for sperm binding in mammals are present on :
Not quite — the answer is D.
The sperm binds to receptors on the zona pellucida of the ovum, and this binding sets off changes in the zona that block entry of more sperm. The corona radiata is the outer cell layer that the sperm must pass through first.
Q2NEET 2021
Which of these is not an important component of initiation of parturition in humans ?
Not quite — the answer is D.
Parturition is triggered by foetal and placental signals that raise the estrogen to progesterone ratio, release oxytocin and cause prostaglandin synthesis, producing strong uterine contractions. Prolactin acts on milk production and is not part of the trigger for birth.
Q3NEET 2020 · Q31
Meiotic division of the secondary oocyte is completed:
Not quite — the answer is D.
The secondary oocyte released at ovulation is held in meiosis II; entry of the sperm into the ovum triggers completion of this division, giving the ovum and the second polar body. So it is not completed before ovulation or at copulation, and it is finished before the zygote is formed.
Q4NEET 2020 · Q70
Match the following columns and select the correct option. Column - I | Column - II (a) Placenta | (i) Androgens (b) Zona pellucida | (ii) Human Chorionic Gonadotropin (hCG) (c) Bulbo-urethral glands | (iii) Layer of the ovum (d) Leydig cells | (iv) Lubrication of the Penis
Not quite — the answer is D.
The placenta secretes hCG, the zona pellucida is a layer around the ovum, bulbourethral gland secretions lubricate the penis, and Leydig cells secrete androgens. Hence hCG, layer of the ovum, lubrication, androgens is correct.
Q5NEET 2019 · Q116
Select the correct sequence for transport of sperm cells in male reproductive system.
Not quite — the answer is B.
Sperms pass from seminiferous tubules to the rete testis, then vasa efferentia, epididymis, vas deferens, ejaculatory duct and urethra, leaving through the urethral meatus. The inguinal canal is the passage the vas deferens takes through the abdominal wall, not a duct in the sequence.
Q6NEET 2018 · Q143
The amnion of mammalian embryo is derived from
Not quite — the answer is C.
The amnion is formed from extra-embryonic ectoderm lined on the outside by extra-embryonic (somatic) mesoderm, i.e. the somatopleure. The yolk sac and allantois, by contrast, are formed from endoderm with splanchnic mesoderm, and the chorion includes the trophoblast.
Q7NEET 2018 · Q144
Hormones secreted by the placenta to maintain pregnancy are
Not quite — the answer is A.
NCERT lists the placental hormones as human chorionic gonadotropin, human placental lactogen, estrogens and progestogens, which together maintain pregnancy. Oxytocin is released from the posterior pituitary and prolactin from the anterior pituitary, and glucocorticoids come from the adrenal cortex.
Q8NEET 2018 · Q145
The difference between spermiogenesis and spermiation is
Not quite — the answer is D.
Spermiogenesis is the transformation of spermatids into spermatozoa, and spermiation is the release of the spermatozoa, whose heads were embedded in Sertoli cells, into the lumen of the seminiferous tubules. Spermatids themselves are formed earlier by the second meiotic division, so options that make spermatids the product of either step are wrong.
Q9NEET 2018 · Q162
Match the items given in Column I with those in Column II and select the correct option given below: Column I: a. Proliferative Phase, b. Secretory Phase, c. Menstruation Column II: i. Breakdown of endometrial lining, ii. Follicular Phase, iii. Luteal Phase
Not quite — the answer is A.
The proliferative phase of the uterus, when the endometrium regenerates, coincides with the follicular phase of the ovary; the secretory phase coincides with the luteal phase, when the corpus luteum secretes progesterone; and menstruation is the breakdown of the endometrial lining.
Q10NEET 2017 · Q85
GnRH, a hypothalamic hormone, needed in reproduction, acts on:
Not quite — the answer is B.
Gonadotropin-releasing hormone from the hypothalamus acts on the anterior pituitary and stimulates release of the gonadotropins LH and FSH. Oxytocin is made in the hypothalamus and released from the posterior pituitary, and relaxin comes from the placenta and ovary.
Q11NEET 2017 · Q97
Capacitation occurs in:
Not quite — the answer is D.
Capacitation, the final activation of sperms that makes them able to fertilise the ovum, happens in the female reproductive tract. Sperms mature and are stored in the epididymis, but that is not capacitation.
Q12NEET 2017 (Gujarati paper) · Q49
Signals for the onset of parturition originate from:
Not quite — the answer is A.
Parturition is triggered by a neuroendocrine mechanism whose signals come from the fully developed foetus and the placenta; these induce mild uterine contractions (the foetal ejection reflex). The maternal pituitary only releases oxytocin in response, so it is not where the signal originates.
Q13NEET 2017 (Gujarati paper) · Q54
Trace the correct path of sperm from seminiferous tubules:
Not quite — the answer is D.
Seminiferous tubules open into the rete testis, which drains through the vasa efferentia into the epididymis; from there sperms pass into the vas deferens. Putting the epididymis before the vasa efferentia reverses the actual order.
Q14NEET 2016 Phase 2 · Q162
Which of the following depicts the correct pathway of transport of sperms?
Not quite — the answer is A.
Sperms pass from the seminiferous tubules into the rete testis, then through the vasa efferentia into the epididymis, and on into the vas deferens. Any sequence that puts the epididymis before the efferent ductules, or the vas deferens before the epididymis, reverses this path.
Q15NEET 2016 Phase 2 · Q164
Several hormones like hCG, hPL, estrogen, progesterone are produced by
Not quite — the answer is B.
During pregnancy the placenta acts as an endocrine tissue and makes hCG, hPL, oestrogens and progesterone. The ovary makes oestrogen and progesterone but not hCG or hPL, and the pituitary makes neither.
Q16NEET 2016 Phase 1 · Q111
Fertilization in humans is practically feasible only if:
Not quite — the answer is B.
Fertilisation occurs in the ampullary region near the ampullary-isthmic junction of the fallopian tube, so the ovum and sperms must reach that site at the same time. The cervix has no ampullary-isthmic junction, and the ovum is not released into the uterus.
Q17NEET 2016 Phase 1 · Q117
Select the incorrect statement:
Not quite — the answer is C.
During the follicular phase LH and FSH levels rise gradually, and LH reaches a peak (LH surge) in mid-cycle that triggers ovulation. So saying they decrease in this phase is incorrect; the other statements describe normal gonadotropin actions.
Q18NEET 2016 Phase 1 · Q122
Changes in GnRH pulse frequency in females is controlled by circulating levels of:
Not quite — the answer is A.
The ovarian steroids estrogen and progesterone feed back on the hypothalamus and modulate GnRH pulse frequency (estrogen increases it, progesterone slows it). Inhibin acts mainly on the pituitary to suppress FSH, not on GnRH pulse frequency.
Q19NEET 2016 Phase 1 · Q133
Identify the correct statement on 'inhibin':
Not quite — the answer is B.
Inhibin is a glycoprotein secreted by granulosa cells of ovarian follicles (and Sertoli cells in testes) that selectively inhibits FSH secretion from the anterior pituitary. It does not suppress LH or prolactin.
Q20AIPMT 2015
Which of these is not an important component of initiation of parturition in humans?
Not quite — the answer is A.
Parturition is triggered by signals from the fully developed foetus and placenta: a rising estrogen to progesterone ratio, prostaglandins and oxytocin cause strong uterine contractions. Prolactin controls milk production after birth and has no role in starting labour.
Q21AIPMT 2015
Capacitation refers to changes in the:
Not quite — the answer is B.
Capacitation is the set of changes in sperm inside the female reproductive tract that make them able to fertilise the ovum, so it happens before fertilisation. It is a change in the sperm, not in the ovum.
Q22AIPMT 2015
Which of the following cells during gametogenesis is normally diploid?
Not quite — the answer is D.
Spermatogonia are diploid (2n) germ cells that divide by mitosis. The primary and secondary polar bodies and spermatids are formed by meiosis and are haploid.
Q23AIPMT 2014
The main function of mammalian corpus luteum is to produce:
Not quite — the answer is A.
After ovulation the ruptured follicle becomes the corpus luteum, whose main secretion is progesterone, the hormone that maintains the endometrium for implantation and pregnancy. hCG is made by the trophoblast/placenta, not the corpus luteum, and the corpus luteum does not secrete only relaxin or only estrogen.
Q24AIPMT 2014
The shared terminal duct of the reproductive and urinary system in the human male is:
Not quite — the answer is D.
In the human male the urethra carries both urine from the bladder and semen from the ejaculatory ducts, so it is the shared terminal duct. The ureter carries only urine from kidney to bladder, and vasa efferentia and vas deferens carry only sperm.
Q25AIPMT 2014
Select the correct option describing gonadotropin activity in a normal pregnant female:
Not quite — the answer is B.
During pregnancy the placenta secretes high levels of hCG, which maintains the corpus luteum so that it continues to produce estrogen and progesterone. FSH and LH are suppressed in pregnancy, and the endometrium is maintained by progesterone rather than thickened directly by hCG.
Q26NEET 2013
What is the correct sequence of sperm formation?
Not quite — the answer is D.
Spermatogonia enlarge into primary spermatocytes, which undergo meiosis to form secondary spermatocytes and then spermatids, and spermatids differentiate into spermatozoa (spermiogenesis). Spermatids come before spermatozoa, not after.
Q27NEET 2013
Menstrual flow occurs due to lack of
Not quite — the answer is A.
Without fertilisation the corpus luteum degenerates and progesterone falls, so the endometrium breaks down and is shed as menstrual flow. FSH, oxytocin and vasopressin do not maintain the endometrium.
Q28NEET 2013
Which one of the following is not the function of placenta? It
Not quite — the answer is D.
Oxytocin for parturition is released from the mother's posterior pituitary, not secreted by the placenta. The placenta does supply oxygen and nutrients, removes carbon dioxide and wastes, and secretes oestrogen, progesterone and hCG.
Q29AIPMT 2012 Mains
The secretory phase in the human menstrual cycle is also called
Not quite — the answer is C.
After ovulation the corpus luteum secretes progesterone, so the secretory phase is the luteal phase, lasting from about day 15 to day 28 (roughly 13–14 days). The follicular phase is the proliferative phase before ovulation.
Q30AIPMT 2012 Prelims
In a normal pregnant woman, the amount of total gonadotropin activity was assessed. The result expected was
Not quite — the answer is A.
During pregnancy the placenta secretes large amounts of hCG, which maintains the corpus luteum so that it keeps secreting oestrogen and progesterone. FSH and LH are suppressed in pregnancy and in any case act on the ovary, not the uterus.
Q31AIPMT 2012 Prelims
The Leydig cells as found in the human body are the secretory source of
Not quite — the answer is A.
Leydig (interstitial) cells lying between the seminiferous tubules secrete androgens, mainly testosterone. Progesterone comes from the corpus luteum, intestinal mucus from goblet cells, and glucagon from α-cells of the pancreas.
Q32AIPMT 2012 Prelims
Signals for parturition originate from
Not quite — the answer is B.
The signals for parturition come from the fully developed foetus and the placenta; they cause mild uterine contractions (the foetal ejection reflex), which then trigger oxytocin release from the maternal pituitary. Oxytocin is a response to the signal, not its origin.
Q33AIPMT 2011 Mains
What happens during fertilisation in humans after many sperms reach close to the ovum?
Not quite — the answer is C.
When sperms reach the ovum, the acrosome releases enzymes that help a single sperm penetrate the zona pellucida and enter the ovum; changes in the zona then block other sperms. The corona radiata does not selectively trap sperms, only one (not two) sperm enters, and the other sperms do not lose their tails.
Q34AIPMT 2011 Mains
About which day in a normal human menstrual cycle does rapid secretion of LH (popularly called LH-surge) normally occur?
Not quite — the answer is C.
In a 28-day cycle, LH rises to a peak (the LH surge) around the middle of the cycle, about day 14, and this surge triggers ovulation. Days 5 and 11 fall in the follicular phase and day 20 in the luteal phase.
Q35AIPMT 2011 Prelims
The testes in humans are situated outside the abdominal cavity inside a pouch called scrotum. The purpose served is for
Not quite — the answer is B.
The scrotum keeps the testes about 2–2.5 °C below the internal body temperature, which is necessary for spermatogenesis. Testes that stay in the abdomen fail to produce sperm.
Q36AIPMT 2011 Prelims
If for some reason, the vasa efferentia in the human reproductive system get blocked, the gametes will not be transported from
Not quite — the answer is B.
Sperms leave the seminiferous tubules through the rete testis and pass via the vasa efferentia into the epididymis. If the vasa efferentia are blocked, sperms cannot move from the testes to the epididymis.
Q37AIPMT 2010 Mains · Q22
Signals from fully developed foetus and placenta ultimately lead to parturition which requires the release of
Not quite — the answer is B.
Signals from the mature foetus and placenta set up the foetal ejection reflex, which triggers release of oxytocin from the mother's posterior pituitary; oxytocin causes strong uterine contractions that expel the baby. The oxytocin acts on the mother's uterus, so it is the maternal, not foetal, pituitary that releases it.
Q38AIPMT 2010 Mains · Q26
In human female the blastocyst
Not quite — the answer is D.
The outer trophoblast layer of the blastocyst attaches to the endometrium and the uterine cells then cover it, which is implantation. The placenta forms only after implantation, implantation happens about 7 days after fertilisation (not 3), and the blastocyst is already nourished by uterine secretions before it implants.
Q39AIPMT 2010 Mains · Q40
Secretions from which one of the following are rich in fructose, calcium and some enzymes?
Not quite — the answer is A.
The male accessory glands (seminal vesicles, prostate and bulbourethral glands) produce seminal plasma, which NCERT describes as rich in fructose, calcium and certain enzymes. Fructose is the energy source for sperm; the liver, pancreas and salivary glands make digestive secretions instead.
Q40AIPMT 2010 Prelims · Q152
The first movements of the foetus and appearance of hair on its head are usually observed during which month of pregnancy?
Not quite — the answer is C.
NCERT states that the first movements of the foetus and the appearance of hair on the head are usually observed during the fifth month. Limbs and digits form by the end of the second month, and most major organ systems by the end of the first trimester (third month).
Q41AIPMT 2010 Prelims · Q158
Which one of the following statements about human sperm is correct?
Not quite — the answer is C.
The acrosome is a cap-like structure that comes from the Golgi apparatus. It contains hydrolytic enzymes (sperm lysins) that dissolve the egg's coverings so the sperm can enter. It works chemically, by enzymes, not by mechanically piercing the egg.
Q42AIPMT 2010 Prelims · Q164
Seminal plasma in human males is rich in
Not quite — the answer is B.
Seminal plasma, the secretion of the seminal vesicles, prostate and bulbourethral glands, is rich in fructose, calcium and certain enzymes. Fructose is the sperm's energy source, so glucose is not the right sugar.
Q43AIPMT 2010 Prelims · Q165
Sertoli cells are found in
Not quite — the answer is D.
Sertoli cells line the seminiferous tubules together with the male germ cells and nourish them as they develop. Testosterone is made by the Leydig (interstitial) cells, not by Sertoli cells.
Q44AIPMT 2010 Prelims · Q166
The part of Fallopian tube closest to the ovary is
Not quite — the answer is C.
The funnel-shaped infundibulum, with its finger-like fimbriae, lies closest to the ovary and collects the ovum after ovulation. The order towards the uterus is infundibulum, then ampulla, then isthmus, and the cervix belongs to the uterus, not the tube.
Q45AIPMT 2010 Prelims · Q189
The second maturation division of the mammalian ovum occurs
Not quite — the answer is C.
The secondary oocyte is released at ovulation arrested in meiosis II. It completes the second meiotic division only after a sperm enters it, producing the ovum and the second polar body. This happens before the sperm and egg nuclei fuse, so the nuclear-fusion option is wrong.
Q46AIPMT 2010 Prelims · Q190
Which one of the following statements about morula in humans is correct?
Not quite — the answer is B.
Cleavage divisions are rapid mitoses with no growth in between, so the zygote's cytoplasm is just split among the blastomeres while every new cell receives a full copy of DNA. The morula (8–16 cells) therefore has roughly the same cytoplasm as the zygote but many times more DNA.
Q47AIPMT 2009 Prelims · Q59
Which one of the following is the correct matching of the events occurring during menstrual cycle?
Not quite — the answer is B.
After ovulation the ruptured follicle becomes the corpus luteum, which secretes large amounts of progesterone during the luteal (secretory) phase. The proliferative phase and menstruation involve the endometrium, not the myometrium, so those pairings are wrong.
Q48AIPMT 2009 Prelims · Q65
Seminal plasma in humans is rich in:
Not quite — the answer is D.
NCERT states that secretions of the seminal vesicles, prostate and bulbourethral glands form seminal plasma, which is rich in fructose, calcium and certain enzymes. So the option saying it is poor in calcium is wrong.
Q49AIPMT 2009 Prelims · Q93
Foetal ejection reflex in human female is induced by:
Not quite — the answer is B.
NCERT states that the signals for parturition originate from the fully developed foetus and the placenta, which induce mild uterine contractions called the foetal ejection reflex. This reflex then triggers oxytocin release, so oxytocin is a result, not the initial inducer.
Q50AIPMT 2009 Prelims · Q126
The correct sequence of spermatogenetic stages leading to the formation of sperms in a mature human testis is:
Not quite — the answer is A.
Spermatogonia divide by mitosis and grow into primary spermatocytes, which undergo meiosis to form secondary spermatocytes and then spermatids; spermatids change into sperms by spermiogenesis. Spermatids come after spermatocytes, so any sequence placing spermatid earlier is wrong.
Q51AIPMT 2009 Prelims · Q129
Which one of the following is the most likely root cause why menstruation is not taking place in regularly cycling human female?
Not quite — the answer is D.
Absence of menstruation in a regularly cycling woman is most likely due to pregnancy, which starts with fertilisation of the ovum. The retained corpus luteum, high hormone levels and thick endometrium are consequences of fertilisation, not its root cause.
Q52AIPMT 2008 Prelims · Q158
In humans, at the end of the first meiotic division, the male germ cells differentiate into the
Not quite — the answer is C.
A primary spermatocyte finishes meiosis I to form two haploid secondary spermatocytes, which then complete meiosis II to form spermatids. Spermatids come only after the second meiotic division.
Q53AIPMT 2008 Prelims · Q164
Which extraembryonic membrane in humans prevents desiccation of the embryo inside the uterus?
Not quite — the answer is A.
The amnion surrounds the embryo with amniotic fluid, keeping it moist and cushioned. The chorion mainly helps form the placenta, and the allantois and yolk sac do not keep the embryo hydrated.
Q54AIPMT 2008 Prelims · Q165
Which one of the following statements is incorrect about menstruation?
Not quite — the answer is C.
Menstrual blood normally does not clot, because fibrinolytic activity in the endometrium dissolves the clots. The first menstruation is called menarche, and about 40 ml of blood is lost per cycle. At menopause gonadotropins rise because the ovaries stop responding.
Q55AIPMT 2007 Prelims · Q143
Which part of ovary in mammals acts as an endocrine gland after ovulation?
Not quite — the answer is D.
After ovulation the remains of the ruptured Graafian follicle become the corpus luteum, which secretes progesterone, so it is the follicle that turns endocrine. The vitelline membrane surrounds the ovum and the germinal epithelium is a covering layer; neither secretes hormones.
Q56AIPMT 2006 Prelims · Q164
Sertoli cells are regulated by the pituitary hormone known as :
Not quite — the answer is A.
FSH acts on Sertoli cells and helps spermatogenesis. LH acts mainly on Leydig cells to stimulate testosterone secretion.
Q57AIPMT 2006 Prelims · Q182
Withdrawal of which of the following hormones is the immediate cause of menstruation ?
Not quite — the answer is D.
When the corpus luteum degenerates without fertilisation, progesterone falls and the endometrium can no longer be kept, so menstruation starts. FSH and oestrogen falling are not the direct trigger.
How often Human Reproduction came up
Questions from this chapter in each paper on this site.
- NEET 2021: 2
- NEET 2020: 2
- NEET 2019: 1
- NEET 2018: 4
- NEET 2017: 2
- NEET 2017 (Gujarati paper): 2
- NEET 2016 Phase 2: 2
- NEET 2016 Phase 1: 4
- AIPMT 2015: 3
- AIPMT 2014: 3
- NEET 2013: 3
- AIPMT 2012 Mains: 1
- AIPMT 2012 Prelims: 3
- AIPMT 2011 Mains: 2
- AIPMT 2011 Prelims: 2
- AIPMT 2010 Mains: 3
- AIPMT 2010 Prelims: 7
- AIPMT 2009 Prelims: 5
- AIPMT 2008 Prelims: 3
- AIPMT 2007 Prelims: 1
- AIPMT 2006 Prelims: 2
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