Excretory Products and Their Elimination NEET PYQReal NEET & AIPMT 2005–2020 questions, year-tagged, with solutions
By the RankUp team, founded by Dr. Deepak Sahu (MBBS Gold Medalist, NEET PG AIR 1731) · Updated
Every Excretory Products and Their Elimination question from the NEET & AIPMT papers on this site (2005–2020), newest first. Each is tagged with its paper. Tap an option to check your answer and read the explanation.
- Chapter
- NCERT Class 11
- PYQs here
- 32
- Papers
- NEET & AIPMT 2005–2020
- In the app
- 552+ questions
Excretory Products and Their Elimination previous year questions
32 questions. Tap an option to check your answer.
Q1NEET 2020 · Q49
Presence of which of the following conditions in urine are indicative of Diabetes Mellitus?
Not quite — the answer is C.
In diabetes mellitus excess glucose (glycosuria) and ketone bodies (ketonuria) appear in the urine. Uremia is accumulation of urea in blood seen in kidney failure, and renal calculi are kidney stones, so neither indicates diabetes.
Q2NEET 2020 · Q68
Which of the following would help in prevention of diuresis?
Not quite — the answer is B.
Aldosterone causes reabsorption of Na⁺ and water from the distal parts of the tubule, which reduces urine output and prevents diuresis. Under-secretion of ADH reduces water reabsorption and causes diuresis, ANF causes vasodilation and opposes the renin-angiotensin system, and less renin means less aldosterone.
Q3NEET 2019 · Q132
Which of the following factors is responsible for the formation of concentrated urine ?
Not quite — the answer is B.
The counter-current mechanism keeps the medullary interstitium increasingly hyperosmotic towards the inner medulla, which draws water out of the collecting duct and concentrates urine. Low ADH levels do the opposite and produce dilute urine.
Q4NEET 2019 · Q163
Use of an artificial kidney during hemodialysis may result in : (a) Nitrogenous waste build-up in the body (b) Non-elimination of excess potassium ions (c) Reduced absorption of calcium ions from gastro-intestinal tract (d) Reduced RBC production Which of the following options is the most appropriate ?
Not quite — the answer is C.
A dialyser removes urea and excess K⁺ from blood, so nitrogenous waste and potassium do not build up. It cannot do the endocrine work of the kidney: no erythropoietin, so RBC production falls, and no activation of vitamin D (calcitriol), so calcium absorption from the gut falls.
Q5NEET 2018 · Q163
Match the items given in Column I with those in Column II and select the correct option given below: Column I: a. Glycosuria, b. Gout, c. Renal calculi, d. Glomerular nephritis Column II: i. Accumulation of uric acid in joints, ii. Mass of crystallised salts within the kidney, iii. Inflammation in glomeruli, iv. Presence of glucose in urine
Not quite — the answer is D.
Glycosuria is glucose in the urine, gout is accumulation of uric acid crystals in joints, renal calculi are masses of crystallised salts in the kidney, and glomerulonephritis is inflammation of the glomeruli.
Q6NEET 2018 · Q164
Match the items given in Column I with those in Column II and select the correct option given below: Column I (Function): a. Ultrafiltration, b. Concentration of urine, c. Transport of urine, d. Storage of urine Column II (Part of Excretory System): i. Henle's loop, ii. Ureter, iii. Urinary bladder, iv. Malpighian corpuscle, v. Proximal convoluted tubule
Not quite — the answer is B.
Ultrafiltration happens in the Malpighian corpuscle (glomerulus with Bowman's capsule); the loop of Henle sets up the counter-current gradient that concentrates urine; the ureter carries urine; and the urinary bladder stores it. The proximal convoluted tubule mainly reabsorbs and is the distractor.
Q7NEET 2017 · Q57
A decrease in blood pressure/volume will not cause the release of:
Not quite — the answer is B.
Atrial natriuretic factor is released by the atrial walls when blood pressure or volume rises, and it causes vasodilation to lower pressure. A fall in pressure or volume instead triggers renin (and through it aldosterone) and ADH, which raise it.
Q8NEET 2017 · Q61
Which of the following statements is correct?
Not quite — the answer is A.
The ascending limb of Henle's loop is impermeable to water but transports electrolytes, which helps build the medullary concentration gradient. The descending limb is the opposite: permeable to water and almost impermeable to electrolytes.
Q9NEET 2017 (Gujarati paper) · Q55
A large amount of about 180 L of fluid is filtered by the human kidneys per day. Which one of the following renal corpuscle features does not justify this?
Not quite — the answer is D.
High filtration needs high glomerular pressure, which comes from the efferent arteriole being narrower than the afferent arteriole; the statement that it is wider is false and would lower pressure. Large surface area, fenestrations and high capillary pressure all genuinely favour the large filtration volume.
Q10NEET 2017 (Gujarati paper) · Q124
Which of the following statements is not true?
Not quite — the answer is C.
The descending limb of Henle's loop is permeable to water but almost impermeable to electrolytes, so water leaves it and the filtrate becomes concentrated. It is the ascending limb that is impermeable to water.
Q11NEET 2016 Phase 1 · Q167
In mammals, which blood vessel would normally carry largest amount of urea?
Not quite — the answer is C.
Urea is made in the liver by the ornithine cycle, so blood leaving the liver in the hepatic vein carries the highest urea load. The renal vein carries the least, because urea has been removed by the kidneys.
Q12AIPMT 2015
Which of the following does not favour the formation of large quantities of dilute urine?
Not quite — the answer is D.
Renin starts the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone pathway, which increases Na⁺ and water reabsorption and so reduces urine volume. Atrial natriuretic factor, alcohol (which inhibits ADH) and caffeine all increase output of dilute urine.
Q13AIPMT 2014
Which of the following causes an increase in sodium reabsorption in the distal convoluted tubule?
Not quite — the answer is D.
Aldosterone from the adrenal cortex (released through the renin-angiotensin pathway) increases Na⁺ reabsorption in the distal convoluted tubule. ADH acts mainly on water permeability of the distal tubule and collecting duct, and a fall in aldosterone would reduce, not increase, Na⁺ reabsorption.
Q14AIPMT 2012 Mains
Which one of the following options gives the correct categorisation of six animals according to the type of nitrogenous wastes (A – Ammonotelic, B – Ureotelic, C – Uricotelic) they give out?
Not quite — the answer is C.
Aquatic amphibians excrete ammonia; frogs and humans are ureotelic; and pigeons, lizards and cockroaches conserve water by excreting uric acid. The adult frog is ureotelic, which rules out the options that call it ammonotelic or uricotelic.
Q15AIPMT 2012 Mains
A fall in glomerular filtration rate (GFR) activates
Not quite — the answer is A.
A fall in GFR is sensed by the juxtaglomerular apparatus, whose JG cells release renin. Renin begins the renin–angiotensin pathway, which only later causes aldosterone release from the adrenal cortex.
Q16AIPMT 2012 Mains
Which one of the following characteristics is common both in humans and adult frogs ?
Not quite — the answer is D.
Both humans and adult frogs excrete urea (ureotelic). Frogs have a three-chambered heart, nucleated RBCs and external fertilisation, whereas humans have a four-chambered heart and enucleate RBCs.
Q17AIPMT 2012 Prelims
The maximum amount of electrolytes and water (70 – 80 percent) from the glomerular filtrate is reabsorbed in which part of the nephron ?
Not quite — the answer is D.
The proximal convoluted tubule reabsorbs nearly 70–80 percent of the electrolytes and water from the glomerular filtrate. The loop of Henle and the distal tubule handle much smaller amounts.
Q18AIPMT 2011 Mains
Ureters act as urinogenital ducts in
Not quite — the answer is B.
In male frogs the testes connect to the kidneys through vasa efferentia, so the ureter carries both sperms and urine and works as a urinogenital duct. In female frogs the ureter carries only urine, and in humans the ureter never carries gametes.
Q19AIPMT 2011 Prelims
Which one of the following is not a part of a renal pyramid?
Not quite — the answer is C.
The convoluted tubules (PCT and DCT), along with Malpighian corpuscles, lie in the cortex of the kidney. Loops of Henle, collecting ducts and their capillary network dip into the medullary pyramids.
Q20AIPMT 2011 Prelims
Which one of the following correctly explains the function of a specific part of a human nephron?
Not quite — the answer is B.
Podocytes of Bowman's capsule are arranged so that minute filtration slits (slit pores) are left between them, through which blood is filtered into the capsule. The afferent arteriole brings blood to the glomerulus, most reabsorption happens in the PCT, and the DCT secretes K⁺ rather than reabsorbing it.
Q21AIPMT 2011 Prelims
Uricotelic mode of passing out nitrogenous wastes is found in
Not quite — the answer is B.
Reptiles, birds, land snails and insects excrete nitrogen mainly as uric acid, which conserves water. Amphibians are ureotelic as adults, and annelids are mostly ammonotelic.
Q22AIPMT 2011 Prelims
Which one of the following statements is correct with respect to kidney function regulation?
Not quite — the answer is B.
Drinking a lot of water dilutes the body fluids, so the hypothalamic osmoreceptors suppress ADH release and dilute urine is passed. Water loss in summer would stimulate ADH, and it is a fall in glomerular blood flow that triggers renin and angiotensin II formation.
Q23AIPMT 2010 Mains · Q13
In which one of the following organisms its excretory organs are correctly stated?
Not quite — the answer is B.
Earthworm excretes through three types of nephridia: septal, integumentary and pharyngeal. Tear glands are not excretory in humans, enteric caeca in cockroach are digestive (its excretory organs are Malpighian tubules plus fat body and uricose glands), and buccal epithelium is not an excretory organ in frog.
Q24AIPMT 2010 Prelims · Q147
Which one of the following statements in regard to the excretion by the human kidneys is correct?
Not quite — the answer is D.
About 180 L of filtrate is formed each day but only about 1.5 L of urine is passed, so nearly 99% is reabsorbed. The ascending limb is impermeable to water (not electrolytes), the descending limb is permeable to water, and the DCT does reabsorb HCO₃⁻.
Q25AIPMT 2010 Prelims · Q156
The principal nitrogenous excretory compound in humans is synthesised
Not quite — the answer is A.
Humans are ureotelic: the liver turns ammonia into urea through the ornithine cycle, and the urea travels in blood to the kidneys to be excreted in urine. The kidneys filter urea but do not make it.
Q26AIPMT 2009 Prelims · Q68
What will happen if the stretch receptors of the urinary bladder wall are totally removed?
Not quite — the answer is C.
Micturition is a reflex: stretch receptors in the filling bladder send signals to the CNS, which then sends motor messages to contract the bladder muscle and relax the sphincter. Without stretch receptors, the reflex cannot start, so there will be no micturition. Urine would still reach the bladder from the ureters, but voluntary/reflex emptying would fail.
Q27AIPMT 2009 Prelims · Q118
Uric acid is the chief nitrogenous component of the excretory products of:
Not quite — the answer is B.
Insects such as the cockroach are uricotelic: they excrete nitrogen mainly as uric acid to save water. Frog and man are ureotelic, and earthworm excretes mostly urea and ammonia.
Q28AIPMT 2007 Prelims · Q116
A person who is on a long hunger strike and is surviving only on water, will have
Not quite — the answer is C.
Urea is made in the liver from the amino groups of dietary and body proteins. With no protein intake, far less nitrogen enters the urea cycle, so urea in urine falls. Blood glucose drops during starvation rather than rising, and normal urine has almost no amino acids anyway.
Q29AIPMT 2006 Prelims · Q180
Earthworms are :
Not quite — the answer is D.
Earthworms excrete mainly ammonia when plenty of water is available and switch to urea when water is scarce. They are not uricotelic.
Q30AIPMT 2006 Prelims · Q200
Angiotensinogen is a protein produced and secreted by :
Not quite — the answer is C.
Angiotensinogen is a plasma protein made by liver cells; renin from JG cells converts it to angiotensin I. JG cells secrete renin, not angiotensinogen.
Q31AIPMT 2005 Prelims · Q113
In Ornithine cycle, which of the following wastes are removed from the blood ?
Not quite — the answer is C.
In the liver's ornithine (urea) cycle, toxic ammonia and carbon dioxide taken from the blood are combined into urea. So the wastes removed from the blood are CO₂ and ammonia, and urea is the product that is formed, not removed.
Q32AIPMT 2005 Prelims · Q193
A person is undergoing prolonged fasting. His urine will be found to contain abnormal quantities of :
Not quite — the answer is B.
During prolonged fasting, the body burns stored fat. Incomplete oxidation of fatty acids produces ketone bodies, which spill into the urine (ketonuria). Glucose in the urine indicates diabetes, not starvation.
How often Excretory Products and Their Elimination came up
Questions from this chapter in each paper on this site.
- NEET 2020: 2
- NEET 2019: 2
- NEET 2018: 2
- NEET 2017: 2
- NEET 2017 (Gujarati paper): 2
- NEET 2016 Phase 1: 1
- AIPMT 2015: 1
- AIPMT 2014: 1
- AIPMT 2012 Mains: 3
- AIPMT 2012 Prelims: 1
- AIPMT 2011 Mains: 1
- AIPMT 2011 Prelims: 4
- AIPMT 2010 Mains: 1
- AIPMT 2010 Prelims: 2
- AIPMT 2009 Prelims: 2
- AIPMT 2007 Prelims: 1
- AIPMT 2006 Prelims: 2
- AIPMT 2005 Prelims: 2
Keep going
PYQs show what NEET asks. For the full Excretory Products and Their Elimination bank (552+ questions with solutions), use the RankUp app.
