Sexual Reproduction in Flowering Plants NEET PYQReal NEET & AIPMT 2005–2021 questions, year-tagged, with solutions
By the RankUp team, founded by Dr. Deepak Sahu (MBBS Gold Medalist, NEET PG AIR 1731) · Updated
Every Sexual Reproduction in Flowering Plants question from the NEET & AIPMT papers on this site (2005–2021), newest first. Each is tagged with its paper. Tap an option to check your answer and read the explanation.
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Sexual Reproduction in Flowering Plants previous year questions
76 questions. Tap an option to check your answer.
Q1NEET 2021
A typical angiosperm embryo sac at maturity is :
Not quite — the answer is A.
The mature embryo sac has 8 nuclei but only 7 cells: three antipodals, two synergids, one egg cell and one large central cell holding two polar nuclei. The two polar nuclei sharing one cell is why the cell count is one less than the nuclear count.
Q2NEET 2021
The term used for transfer of pollen grains from anthers of one plant to stigma of a different plant which, during pollination, brings genetically different types of pollen grains to stigma, is :
Not quite — the answer is A.
Xenogamy is transfer of pollen from the anther of one plant to the stigma of a different plant, so it brings genetically different pollen. Geitonogamy is transfer between flowers of the same plant and is genetically like self-pollination.
Q3NEET 2021
In some members of which of the following pairs of families, pollen grains retain their viability for months after release ?
Not quite — the answer is D.
Pollen of some members of Rosaceae, Leguminosae and Solanaceae stays viable for months. In Poaceae such as rice and wheat pollen loses viability within about 30 minutes, so any pair containing Poaceae is wrong.
Q4NEET 2020 · Q63
In water hyacinth and water lily, pollination takes place by:
Not quite — the answer is A.
In water hyacinth and water lily the flowers rise above the water surface and are pollinated by insects or wind, as in most land plants. Water pollination is limited to a few submerged genera such as Vallisneria, Hydrilla and Zostera.
Q5NEET 2020 · Q88
The body of the ovule is fused within the funicle at:
Not quite — the answer is A.
The hilum is the point where the body of the ovule is fused with the funicle (stalk). The micropyle is the opening at the tip of the integuments, the chalaza is the base opposite the micropyle, and the nucellus is the tissue inside the integuments.
Q6NEET 2019 · Q111
Which one of the following statements regarding post-fertilization development in flowering plants is incorrect ?
Not quite — the answer is D.
After fertilisation ovules develop into seeds; the embryo sac forms inside the ovule before fertilisation. The ovary becoming the fruit, the zygote the embryo and the central cell (primary endosperm nucleus) the endosperm are all correct.
Q7NEET 2019 · Q127
In some plants, the female gamete develops into embryo without fertilization. This phenomenon is known as :
Not quite — the answer is D.
Development of an embryo from the female gamete without fertilisation is parthenogenesis. Parthenocarpy is development of a fruit without fertilisation, and syngamy is the fusion of gametes itself.
Q8NEET 2019 · Q128
Persistent nucellus in the seed is known as :
Not quite — the answer is B.
Residual, persistent nucellus in seeds such as black pepper and beet is called perisperm. Tegmen is the inner seed coat and hilum is the scar where the seed was attached to the stalk.
Q9NEET 2019 · Q142
What is the fate of the male gametes discharged in the synergid ?
Not quite — the answer is D.
In double fertilisation one male gamete fuses with the egg (syngamy) and the other fuses with the two polar nuclei of the central cell (triple fusion) to form the primary endosperm nucleus. Neither gamete fuses with a synergid nucleus.
Q10NEET 2018 · Q92
Double fertilization is
Not quite — the answer is D.
In angiosperms one male gamete fuses with the egg (syngamy) and the other fuses with the two polar nuclei (triple fusion); the two fusions together in one embryo sac are called double fertilization. Fusion of one male gamete with the polar nuclei is only triple fusion, one half of the process.
Q11NEET 2018 · Q93
Which one of the following plants shows a very close relationship with a species of moth, where none of the two can complete its life cycle without the other?
Not quite — the answer is B.
Yucca is pollinated only by the yucca moth, which lays its eggs in the ovary of the flower; the larvae feed on some developing seeds. The plant cannot set seed without the moth and the moth cannot complete its life cycle without the flower. Hydrilla is water-pollinated and Viola has cleistogamous flowers.
Q12NEET 2018 · Q94
Pollen grains can be stored for several years in liquid nitrogen having a temperature of
Not quite — the answer is A.
Liquid nitrogen boils at about −196°C, and pollen cryopreserved at this temperature stays viable for years, forming pollen banks used in crop breeding. The other temperatures are not the temperature of liquid nitrogen.
Q13NEET 2018 · Q110
Which of the following has proved helpful in preserving pollen as fossils?
Not quite — the answer is D.
The exine of pollen is made of sporopollenin, one of the most resistant organic materials, which withstands high temperature, strong acids and alkalis and is not degraded by enzymes, so pollen is well preserved as fossils. The intine is thin cellulose-pectin and pollenkitt is a sticky oily coat; neither survives.
Q14NEET 2017 · Q67
A dioecious flowering plant prevents both:
Not quite — the answer is B.
In a dioecious plant male and female flowers are on different plants, so pollen cannot reach a stigma of the same flower (autogamy) or of another flower on the same plant (geitonogamy). Xenogamy, pollination between different plants, is the only route left, so it is not prevented.
Q15NEET 2017 · Q71
Functional megaspore in an angiosperm develops into:
Not quite — the answer is C.
The single functional megaspore undergoes three free-nuclear mitotic divisions to form the 7-celled, 8-nucleate embryo sac (female gametophyte). The ovule is the structure that contains it, and endosperm and embryo form only after fertilisation.
Q16NEET 2017 · Q76
Attractants and rewards are required for:
Not quite — the answer is B.
Insect-pollinated (entomophilous) flowers attract pollinators with colour, scent and nectar, and reward them with nectar and pollen. Wind and water pollination need no attractants, and cleistogamous flowers never open.
Q17NEET 2017 · Q114
Flowers which have single ovule in the ovary and are packed into inflorescence are usually pollinated by:
Not quite — the answer is C.
Wind-pollinated flowers often have a single ovule in each ovary and many flowers packed into an inflorescence, as in corn cobs and grasses. Bee- and bat-pollinated flowers rely on showy flowers, scent and nectar instead.
Q18NEET 2017 · Q124
Double fertilization is exhibited by:
Not quite — the answer is D.
Double fertilisation, syngamy plus triple fusion to form the triploid primary endosperm nucleus, is a unique feature of angiosperms. Gymnosperms have a haploid endosperm formed before fertilisation.
Q19NEET 2017 (Gujarati paper) · Q90
Choose the correct sequence representing the ploidy of Nucellus; Megaspore mother cell; Megaspore; Egg cell; Zygote; A polar nucleus of embryo sac; Secondary nucleus and Primary endosperm nucleus.
Not quite — the answer is B.
Nucellus and the megaspore mother cell are diploid; meiosis gives a haploid megaspore, whose products include the haploid egg and haploid polar nuclei; the zygote is 2n, the fused secondary nucleus is 2n, and its fusion with a male gamete gives the triploid primary endosperm nucleus. Sequences that make the egg 2n or the PEN 2n are wrong.
Q20NEET 2017 (Gujarati paper) · Q95
The hollow foliar structure in a wheat embryo that encloses the shoot apex and a few leaf primordia is called:
Not quite — the answer is D.
In grass embryos the shoot apex and a few leaf primordia are enclosed in a hollow foliar sheath called the coleoptile. The coleorrhiza is the undifferentiated sheath around the radicle and root cap, while epicotyl and hypocotyl are portions of the embryonal axis.
Q21NEET 2017 (Gujarati paper) · Q112
Pollen grains can be stored for years in liquid nitrogen, maintained at temperature:
Not quite — the answer is C.
Liquid nitrogen boils at –196°C, and pollen grains are cryopreserved at this temperature in pollen banks for years. The other temperatures are not the temperature of liquid nitrogen.
Q22NEET 2017 (Gujarati paper) · Q119
Continued self-pollination results in:
Not quite — the answer is B.
Continued self-pollination increases homozygosity, exposing harmful recessive alleles and reducing fertility and vigour, which is inbreeding depression. Heterosis (hybrid vigour) is the opposite outcome produced by outcrossing.
Q23NEET 2017 (Gujarati paper) · Q126
What is not true for an angiospermic embryo sac?
Not quite — the answer is D.
The pollen tube releases two male gametes into the synergid of the embryo sac: one fuses with the egg and the other with the polar nuclei (double fertilisation). The embryo sac is the female gametophyte inside the ovule, and it develops from a megaspore formed by meiosis.
Q24NEET 2016 Phase 2 · Q117
In majority of angiosperms
Not quite — the answer is C.
The diploid megaspore mother cell undergoes meiosis to form four haploid megaspores, so reduction division happens there. The filiform apparatus belongs to the synergids, the typical embryo sac has only three antipodal cells, and the central cell is the largest cell of the embryo sac.
Q25NEET 2016 Phase 2 · Q118
Pollination in water hyacinth and water lily is brought about by the agency of
Not quite — the answer is B.
In water hyacinth and water lily the flowers rise above the water surface and are pollinated by insects or wind, as in most land plants. Water pollination is limited to plants like Vallisneria, Hydrilla and Zostera.
Q26NEET 2016 Phase 2 · Q119
The ovule of an angiosperm is technically equivalent to
Not quite — the answer is A.
The ovule is the megasporangium: its nucellus produces the megaspore mother cell, which forms megaspores. The carpel is the megasporophyll that bears the ovules, and the megaspore mother cell and megaspore are cells inside the ovule.
Q27NEET 2016 Phase 1 · Q93
The coconut water from tender coconut represents:
Not quite — the answer is D.
In coconut the primary endosperm nucleus divides repeatedly without wall formation, so the watery liquid of a tender coconut is free-nuclear endosperm; the surrounding white kernel is the later cellular endosperm. The endocarp is the hard shell and the mesocarp is the fibrous husk.
Q28NEET 2016 Phase 1 · Q130
Proximal end of the filament of stamen is attached to the:
Not quite — the answer is D.
The filament's proximal (basal) end is attached to the thalamus, or to the petal in epipetalous flowers, while its distal end bears the anther. The connective joins the two anther lobes and the placenta bears ovules.
Q29NEET 2016 Phase 1 · Q156
Which one of the following statements is not true?
Not quite — the answer is A.
The tapetum is the innermost anther wall layer that nourishes developing pollen grains; dehiscence is brought about by the endothecium and stomium. The exine is made of sporopollenin, pollen causes allergies, and cryopreserved pollen is used in breeding.
Q30NEET 2016 Phase 1 · Q162
Cotyledon of maize grain is called:
Not quite — the answer is D.
In monocot grains like maize the single large shield-shaped cotyledon is the scutellum. Coleoptile and coleorhiza are sheaths covering the plumule and radicle respectively.
Q31NEET 2016 Phase 1 · Q168
Seed formation without fertilization in flowering plants involves the process of:
Not quite — the answer is D.
Apomixis is the formation of seeds without fertilisation, a form of asexual reproduction that mimics sexual reproduction (e.g. some grasses and Asteraceae). Somatic hybridisation is fusion of protoplasts, and budding and sporulation are other asexual methods that do not produce seeds.
Q32NEET 2016 Phase 1 · Q173
Which of the following statements is not correct?
Not quite — the answer is A.
The pistil accepts only compatible pollen; pollen of other species is usually rejected, and many compatible pollen tubes of the same species can grow down the style, not just one. The other statements, about pollen/nectar robbers, pollen-pistil chemical interaction and reptile pollinators, are from NCERT and correct.
Q33AIPMT 2015
Which one of the following statements is not true?
Not quite — the answer is A.
Bees make honey from the nectar they collect, not by digesting pollen, so that statement is false. Pollen is used as a nutritional supplement, causes allergies in some people, and flowers pollinated by flies and bats often give out foul odours.
Q34AIPMT 2015
Which one of the following may require pollinators, but is genetically similar to autogamy?
Not quite — the answer is B.
In geitonogamy pollen goes to another flower of the same plant, so a pollinating agent is needed, but the pollen and ovule are genetically the same, as in self-pollination. Xenogamy brings genetically different pollen, and cleistogamy needs no pollinator at all.
Q35AIPMT 2015
Which of the following are the important flora rewards to the animal pollinators?
Not quite — the answer is C.
Nectar and pollen are the usual food rewards that flowers offer to animal pollinators. Colour, size and fragrance attract pollinators but are signals, not rewards.
Q36AIPMT 2015
Transmission tissue is characteristic feature of
Not quite — the answer is C.
A solid style is filled with transmitting tissue through which the pollen tube grows to the ovary. In a hollow style the tube grows along the canal, and the type of stigma does not decide this.
Q37AIPMT 2014
Function of filiform apparatus is to:
Not quite — the answer is C.
The filiform apparatus consists of finger-like wall thickenings at the micropylar tip of the synergids, and it guides the pollen tube into the synergid. Recognition of compatible pollen happens on the stigma, and nectar is produced by nectaries, not by the embryo sac.
Q38AIPMT 2014
Pollen tablets are available in the market for:
Not quite — the answer is B.
Pollen grains are rich in nutrients, and pollen tablets and syrups are sold as food supplements. They are not sold for breeding programmes, conservation or in vitro fertilisation.
Q39AIPMT 2014
Geitonogamy involves:
Not quite — the answer is D.
Geitonogamy is the transfer of pollen from one flower to the stigma of another flower of the same plant; it is functionally cross pollination but genetically like selfing. Pollination within the same flower is autogamy, and pollen from a different plant is xenogamy.
Q40AIPMT 2014
Male gametophyte with least number of cells is present in:
Not quite — the answer is B.
In angiosperms such as Lilium the male gametophyte is extremely reduced: a mature pollen grain has only a vegetative cell and a generative cell (or two male gametes), at most three cells. The male gametophyte of Pinus has more cells (prothallial cells as well), and in Pteris and Funaria it is a multicellular free-living or gametophytic body.
Q41NEET 2013
Which one of the following statements is correct?
Not quite — the answer is D.
The tapetum, the innermost wall layer of the microsporangium, nourishes the developing pollen grains. The hard outer pollen layer is the exine (intine is inner), sporogenous tissue is diploid, and microspores come from the sporogenous tissue, not the endothecium.
Q42NEET 2013
Product of sexual reproduction generally generates
Not quite — the answer is C.
Sexual reproduction involves meiosis and fusion of gametes from two parents, so the offspring carry new genetic combinations that produce variation. Seed viability, dormancy or biomass are not general outcomes of sexual reproduction.
Q43NEET 2013
Advantage of cleistogamy is
Not quite — the answer is C.
Cleistogamous flowers never open, so pollen falls directly on the stigma of the same flower and seed set is assured even without pollinators. Because this is self-pollination, it reduces rather than increases genetic variability.
Q44NEET 2013
Perisperm differs from endosperm in
Not quite — the answer is C.
Perisperm is residual, persistent nucellus, a diploid maternal tissue, whereas endosperm is triploid, formed by fusion of a male gamete with the two polar nuclei. Perisperm does store food (e.g. black pepper), so it is not a tissue without reserves.
Q45AIPMT 2012 Mains
What is the function of germ pore ?
Not quite — the answer is C.
Germ pores are thin areas of the exine where sporopollenin is absent, and the pollen tube grows out through them. The male gametes leave only later, from the tip of the tube inside the synergid, and the radicle comes out of the seed, not the pollen.
Q46AIPMT 2012 Mains
Which one of the following statements is wrong ?
Not quite — the answer is A.
Pollen shed at the two-celled stage still achieves double fertilisation, because the generative cell divides into two male gametes inside the pollen tube. The other statements are true: the vegetative cell is larger, some pollen (e.g. of Solanaceae) stays viable for months, and the intine is cellulose and pectin.
Q47AIPMT 2012 Mains
Plants with ovaries having only one or a few ovules are generally pollinated by
Not quite — the answer is D.
Wind-pollinated flowers usually have a single ovule in each ovary and many flowers in an inflorescence. Insect- and bird-pollinated flowers often have many ovules, since one visit can deliver many pollen grains.
Q48AIPMT 2012 Prelims
An organic substance that can withstand environmental extremes and cannot be degraded by any enzyme is
Not quite — the answer is C.
Sporopollenin in the exine of pollen grains is one of the most resistant organic materials; it withstands high temperatures and strong acids and alkalis, and no known enzyme degrades it. Lignin and cellulose are both broken down by microbial enzymes.
Q49AIPMT 2012 Prelims
Both, autogamy and geitonogamy are prevented in
Not quite — the answer is B.
Papaya is dioecious (male and female flowers on separate plants), so neither autogamy nor geitonogamy is possible. Maize, castor and cucumber are monoecious, which prevents autogamy but still allows geitonogamy.
Q50AIPMT 2012 Prelims
Even in absence of pollinating agents seed-setting is assured in
Not quite — the answer is B.
Commelina produces cleistogamous flowers that never open and self-pollinate, so seed set is assured even without pollinators. Salvia needs insects, fig depends on fig wasps, and Zostera is water-pollinated.
Q51AIPMT 2012 Prelims
The coconut water and the edible part of coconut are equivalent to
Not quite — the answer is B.
Coconut water is free-nuclear endosperm and the white edible kernel is cellular endosperm. The embryo is small, and the fibrous husk and hard shell are the mesocarp and endocarp.
Q52AIPMT 2011 Mains
What is common between vegetative reproduction and Apomixis ?
Not quite — the answer is B.
Neither vegetative reproduction nor apomixis involves meiosis and fusion of gametes, so both give progeny genetically identical to the parent. Apomixis forms seeds and so does not bypass flowering, and neither process is restricted to dicots.
Q53AIPMT 2011 Mains
In angiosperms, functional megaspore develops into
Not quite — the answer is C.
In angiosperms the functional megaspore divides by three free-nuclear mitoses to form the embryo sac, the female gametophyte. The ovule is the structure that contains the megaspore, and endosperm forms only after fertilisation.
Q54AIPMT 2011 Prelims
Nucellar polyembryony is reported in species of
Not quite — the answer is B.
In many Citrus species, nucellar cells surrounding the embryo sac divide and grow into extra embryos, so seeds often contain several embryos. This is nucellar polyembryony, a form of apomixis.
Q55AIPMT 2011 Prelims
Filiform apparatus is a characteristic feature of
Not quite — the answer is D.
The filiform apparatus is a set of finger-like wall thickenings at the micropylar tip of the synergids, which guides the pollen tube into the embryo sac. It is not found in the egg, zygote or suspensor.
Q56AIPMT 2011 Prelims
What would be the number of chromosomes of the aleurone cells of a plant with 42 chromosomes in its root tip cells?
Not quite — the answer is C.
Root tip cells are diploid, so 2n = 42 and n = 21. The aleurone layer is the outer layer of the endosperm, which is triploid: 3n = 3 × 21 = 63. 42 is the diploid count and would be the trap.
Q57AIPMT 2011 Prelims
Wind pollination is common in
Not quite — the answer is D.
Wind pollination is common in grasses, which have light non-sticky pollen, well-exposed stamens and large feathery stigmas. Orchids, legumes and lilies have showy flowers pollinated by insects.
Q58AIPMT 2011 Prelims
In which one of the following pollination is autogamous?
Not quite — the answer is A.
Cleistogamous flowers never open, so pollen from the anthers can only reach the stigma of the same flower: pollination is always autogamous. Geitonogamy and xenogamy involve transfer between flowers, and chasmogamous flowers are open and may be cross-pollinated.
Q59AIPMT 2010 Prelims · Q160
Apomictic embryos in citrus arise from
Not quite — the answer is C.
In Citrus and mango, some nucellar cells around the embryo sac (maternal sporophytic tissue) divide and grow directly into embryos, a form of apomixis called adventive embryony. They do not come from a diploid egg, synergids or antipodals.
Q60AIPMT 2010 Prelims · Q161
Wind pollinated flowers are
Not quite — the answer is C.
Wind-pollinated flowers are small and inconspicuous and make large amounts of light, dry, non-sticky pollen, because most of it is lost in transit. They give no reward to animals, so they lack nectar and bright colours.
Q61AIPMT 2010 Prelims · Q163
Transfer of pollen grains from the anther to the stigma of another flower of the same plant is called
Not quite — the answer is C.
Geitonogamy is pollination between different flowers of the same plant. It needs a pollinating agent, as cross-pollination does, but genetically it is the same as self-pollination. Autogamy is within the same flower, and xenogamy is between flowers of different plants.
Q62AIPMT 2008 Prelims · Q138
Endosperm is consumed by developing embryo in the seed of
Not quite — the answer is D.
Pea seeds are non-albuminous: the endosperm is fully used up by the developing embryo, and food ends up stored in the cotyledons. Maize, coconut and castor seeds keep endosperm in the mature seed (albuminous seeds).
Q63AIPMT 2008 Prelims · Q159
Which one of the following is resistant to enzyme action?
Not quite — the answer is D.
Pollen exine is made of sporopollenin, among the most resistant organic materials known, which no known enzyme can degrade; this is why pollen survives as fossils. Cuticle, cork and wood are eventually broken down by microbial enzymes.
Q64AIPMT 2008 Prelims · Q161
Which one of the following pairs of plant structures has haploid number of chromosomes?
Not quite — the answer is C.
The egg and the antipodal cells both belong to the haploid female gametophyte (embryo sac). The secondary nucleus is diploid (two polar nuclei fused), and the megaspore mother cell and nucellus are diploid sporophytic tissue.
Q65AIPMT 2008 Prelims · Q162
What does the filiform apparatus do at the entrance into ovule?
Not quite — the answer is B.
The filiform apparatus, the finger-like wall ingrowths at the micropylar tip of the synergids, guides the pollen tube into a synergid. It does not lead the tube from the synergid to the egg; the male gametes are released inside the synergid.
Q66AIPMT 2008 Prelims · Q163
Unisexuality of flowers prevents
Not quite — the answer is B.
A unisexual flower carries either anthers or stigma, so pollination within the same flower (autogamy) is impossible. In monoecious plants, pollen can still pass between male and female flowers of the same plant, so geitonogamy is not prevented; only dioecy blocks both.
Q67AIPMT 2007 Prelims · Q111
Which one of the following is surrounded by a callose wall?
Not quite — the answer is D.
Before and during meiosis the microspore mother cell (and the tetrad it forms) lays down a temporary callose wall, which is later dissolved to release the microspores. A mature pollen grain is covered by sporopollenin exine and pectocellulosic intine, not callose.
Q68AIPMT 2007 Prelims · Q177
Male gametes in angiosperms are formed by the division of
Not quite — the answer is A.
The generative cell of the pollen grain divides mitotically to form the two male gametes. The vegetative cell forms the pollen tube, and the microspore mother cell divides by meiosis to form microspores.
Q69AIPMT 2006 Prelims · Q101
What would be the number of chromosomes in the cells of the aleurone layer in a plant species with 8 chromosomes in its synergids ?
Not quite — the answer is B.
Synergids are cells of the embryo sac and are haploid, so n = 8 here. The aleurone layer is the outermost layer of the endosperm, which is triploid (3n), giving 24 chromosomes. 16 would be the diploid (2n) count of somatic cells, not endosperm.
Q70AIPMT 2006 Prelims · Q130
Long filamentous threads protruding at the end of a young cob of maize are :
Not quite — the answer is B.
The silky threads (silk) of a maize cob are the long styles and stigmas of the female flowers, which catch wind-borne pollen. They are not hairs, and anthers are borne in the male tassel.
Q71AIPMT 2006 Prelims · Q189
The arrangement of the nuclei in a normal embryo sac in the dicot plants is :
Not quite — the answer is B.
The mature embryo sac has 3 cells at the micropylar end (egg apparatus), 2 polar nuclei in the central cell and 3 antipodals at the chalazal end: 3 + 2 + 3. It is 7-celled and 8-nucleate.
Q72AIPMT 2006 Prelims · Q191
In a cereal grain the single cotyledon of embryo is represented by :
Not quite — the answer is B.
In grass (cereal) embryos the single shield-shaped cotyledon is called the scutellum. The coleoptile and coleorhiza are sheaths covering the plumule and radicle.
Q73AIPMT 2005 Prelims · Q168
In a type of apomixis known as adventive embryony, embryos develop directly from the :
Not quite — the answer is A.
In adventive embryony (seen in Citrus and mango), diploid nucellar or integument cells outside the embryo sac grow directly into embryos, with no gametophyte step. Embryos formed from synergids or antipodals are a different kind of apomixis, and an embryo from a zygote is normal sexual reproduction.
Q74AIPMT 2005 Prelims · Q169
Through which cell of the embryo sac, does the pollen tube enter the embryo sac ?
Not quite — the answer is D.
The pollen tube, guided by the filiform apparatus, enters one of the synergids, which degenerates and releases the male gametes. The other, persistent synergid is not entered, and the tube does not go directly into the egg or the central cell.
Q75AIPMT 2005 Prelims · Q174
Which one of the following represents an ovule, where the embryo sac becomes horse-shoe shaped and the funiculus and micropyle are close to each other ?
Not quite — the answer is C.
In an amphitropous ovule, both the body of the ovule and the embryo sac are curved into a horseshoe shape, which brings the micropyle close to the funiculus. An anatropous ovule is inverted but its embryo sac stays straight, and an atropous ovule is upright.
Q76AIPMT 2005 Prelims · Q194
Why is vivipary an undesirable character for annual crop plants ?
Not quite — the answer is B.
In vivipary, seeds germinate while still on the parent plant without any dormancy, so they cannot be dried and stored for sowing next season. That makes the trait undesirable for annual crops. Vivipary means no dormancy, the opposite of long dormancy.
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